Jena Picornavirus Page

Compiled by Roland Zell

This is not an official homepage but a display of my personal opinion. Based on the ICTV releases and the Picornaviridae Study Group principles, a compilation of picornavirus sequences is presented which is not comprehensive but representative of the Picornaviridae family.

International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV):
The current taxonomy release (2019-release as of August 2020) comprises 4 realms, 9 kingdoms, 16 phyla, 2 subphyla, 36 classes, 55 orders, 8 suborders, 168 families, 103 subfamilies, 1421 genera, 68 subgenera and 6590 species and can be viewed at //talk.ictvonline.org/taxonomy/.

The Picornaviridae Study Group of the ICTV hosts the "Picornavirus Pages" with valuable information on picornaviruses.

Family Picornaviridae:
Picornaviruses are small (30-32 nm), non-enveloped, icosahedral viruses with positive-strand RNA genomes. The family Picornaviridae presently comprises 5 subfamilies, 68 accepted genera, 158 species plus many unassigned picornaviruses.
Novel picornavirus species and genera are proposed by the Picornaviridae Study Group in a formalised procedure and ratified by the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV).
Five new subfamilies have been proposed in June 2021 and approved by the Executive Committee of the ICTV in July 2021. They will be ratified by the ICTV membership in March 2022.

More than 143,800 entries with search term "organism [picornaviridae]" are deposited in GenBank (as of 15 August 2021). Each month more than 1000 new entries are released.

10th ICTV Report on virus taxonomy:
The online version of the 10th ICTV Report (2020-update) can be viewed here.
A citeable open access summary of this chapter is availabe at the homepage of the Journal of General Virology: ICTV Virus Taxonomy Profile: Picornaviridae.

Below is the present picornavirus taxonomy (as of July 2021).

• Subfamily Caphthovirinae (Supergroup 1)

  Genera:

  • 1. Ailurivirus, 1 species
    Species: Ailurivirus A, 1 type: aimelvirus (AiV)-1
  • 2. Aphthovirus, 4 species
    Species: Bovine rhinitis A virus, 2 types: bovine rhinitis A virus (BRAV)-1 [formerly bovine rhinovirus 1], BRAV-2 [formerly bovine rhivovirus 3]
    
    Species: Bovine rhinitis B virus, 5 types: bovine rhinitis B virus (BRBV)-1 [formerly bovine rhinovirus 2], -2, -3, -4, -5
    
    Species: Equine rhinitis A virus, 1 type: equine rhinitis A virus (ERAV)-1 [formerly equine rhinovirus 1]
    
    Species: Foot-and-mouth disease virus, 7 types: foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV)-A, -O, -C, -SAT1, -SAT2, -SAT3, -Asia
  • 3. Bopivirus, 1 species
    Species: Bopivirus A, 1 type: bopivirus A1 [bovine picornavirus]
  • 4. Cardiovirus, 6 species
    Species: Cardiovirus A, 2 types: encephalomyocarditis virus (EMCV)-1, EMCV-2
    
    Species: Cardiovirus B, 5 types: cardiovirus (CaV)-B1 [Theiler's murine encephalomyelitis virus, TMEV], CaV-B2 [Vilyuisk human encephalitis virus, VHEV], CaV-B3, CaV-B4 [theravirus, TRV], CaV-B5
    
    Species: Cardiovirus C, 3 types: Boone cardiovirus (BCV)-1, -2
    
    Species: Cardiovirus D, 11 types: Saffold virus (SafV)-1 to -11
    
    Species: Cardiovirus E, 1 type: red-backed vole cardiovirus
    
    Species: Cardiovirus F, 1 type: grey-backed vole cardiovirus
  • 5. Cosavirus, 5 species
    Species: Cosavirus A, 24 types: human cosavirus (HCoSV)-A1 to -A24
    
    Species: Cosavirus B, 1 type: HCoSV-B1
    
    Species to be proposed: Cosavirus C (1 type: HCosV-C1)
    
    Species: Cosavirus D, 5 types: HCoSV-D1 to -D5
    
    Species: Cosavirus E, 2 types: HCoSV-E1, -E2
    
    Species: Cosavirus F, 1 type: HCoSV-F1
  • 6. Erbovirus, 1 species
    Species: Erbovirus A, 3 types: equine rhinitis B virus (ERBV)-1 [formerly equine rhinovirus 2], ERBV-2 [formerly equine rhinovirus 3], ERBV-3 [formerly acid-stable equine picornavirus]
  • 7. Hunnivirus, 1 species
    Species: Hunnivirus A, 9 types: hunnivirus (HuV)-A1 to -A9
  • 8. Malagasivirus, 2 species
    Species: Malagasivirus A, 1 type: malagasivirus (MalV)-A1 [lesavirus 1]
    
    Species: Malagasivirus B, 1 type: MalV-B1 [lesavirus 2]
  • 9. Marsupivirus, 1 species
    Species: Marsupivirus A, 1 type: MarV-A1 [Burpengary virus]
  • 10. Mischivirus, 5 species
    Species: Mischivirus A, 1 type: mischivirus (MsV)-A1 [Miniopterus schreibersii picornavirus 1]
    
    Species: Mischivirus B, 1 type: MsV-B1
    
    Species: Mischivirus C, 1 type: MsV-C1 [African bat icavirus]
    
    Species: Mischivirus D, 1 type: MsV-D1 [canine picornavirus]
    
    Species: Mischivirus E, 1 type: MsV-E1 [Suncus murinus mischivirus]
  • 11. Mosavirus, 2 species
    Species: Mosavirus A, 2 types: mosavirus (MoV)-A1, -A2
    
    Species: Mosavirus B, 1 type: MoV-B1
  • 12. Mupivirus, 1 species
    Species: Mupivirus A, 2 types: mupivirus (MuV)-A1, -A2
  • 13. Senecavirus, 1 species
    Species: Senecavirus A, 1 type: Seneca Valley virus (SVV)-1
  • 14. Teschovirus, 2 species
    Species: Teschovirus A, 14 types: porcine teschovirus-1 (PTV-1) to -14 [formerly porcine enterovirus 1 to -7, -11, -12]
    
    Species: Teschovirus B, 5 types: teschovirus B1 to -B3, teschovirus A15_CP-B_pol, teschovirus A16_CP-B_pol
  • 15. Torchivirus, 1 species
    Species: Torchivirus A, 1 type: torchivirus (TXV)-A1 [tortoise picornavirus]
  • 16. Tottorivirus, 1 species
    Species: Tottorivirus A, 1 type: tottorivirus (ToV)-A1 [swine tottorivirus]

• Subfamily Kodimesavirinae (Supergroup 2)

  Genera:

  • 17. Danipivirus, 1 species
    Species: Danipivirus A, 1 type: DaV-A1 [zebrafish picornavirus]
  • 18. Dicipivirus, 2 species
    Species: Cadicivirus A, 1 type: cadicivirus (CadV)-A1 [canine picodicistrovirus, CaPdV)
    
    Species: Cadicivirus B, 1 type: CadV-B1 [hedgehog dicipivirus]
  • 19. Hemipivirus, 1 species
    Species: Hemipivirus A, 1 type: hemipivirus (HeV)-A1 [Hainan oriental leaf-toed gecko picornavirus]
  • 20. Gallivirus, 1 species
    Species: Gallivirus A, 2 types: gallivirus (GV)-A1, -2
  • 21. Kobuvirus, 6 species
    Species: Aichivirus A, 10 types: aichivirus (AiV)-A1 to -A10
    
    Species: Aichivirus B, 3 types: AiV-B1 to -B3
    
    Species: Aichivirus C, 2 types: AiV-C1, -C2
    
    Species: Aichivirus D, 2 types: AiV-D1, -D2
    
    Species: Aichivirus E, 1 type: AiV-E1
    
    Species: Aichivirus F, 2 types: AiV-F1, -F2
  • 22. Livupivirus, 1 species
    Species: Livupivirus A, 1 type: livupivirus (LiV)-A1
  • 23. Ludopivirus, 1 species
    Species: Ludopivirus A, 1 type: ludopivirus (LuV)-A1
  • 24. Megrivirus, 5 species
    Species: Megrivirus A, 3 types: megrivirus (MeV)-A2, MeV-A3, MeV-B3_CP-A_Pol
    
    Species: Megrivirus B, 2 types: MeV-B1, -B2
    
    Species: Megrivirus C, 3 types: MeV-C1, -C2, MeV-A1_CP-C_pol [turkey hepatitis virus, THV]
    
    Species: Megrivirus D, 1 type: MeV-D1 [harrier megrivirus]
    
    Species: Megrivirus E, 1 type: MeV-E1 [penguin megrivirus]
  • 25. Myrropivirus, 1 species
    Species: Myrropivirus A, 1 type: myrropivirus (MyrV)-A1 [Chinese water snake picornavirus]
  • 26. Oscivirus, 1 species
    Species: Oscivirus A, 2 types: oscivirus (OsV)-A1 [formerly turdivirus 2], OsV-A2 [formerly turdivirus 3]
  • 27. Passerivirus, 2 species
    Species: Passerivirus A, 1 type: passerivirus (PasV)-A1 [formerly turdivirus 1]
    
    Species: Passerivirus B, 1 type: PasV-B1 [waxbill passerivirus])
  • 28. Pemapivirus, 2 species
    Species: Pemapivirus A (1 type: pemapivirus (PemV)-A1 [Chinese softshell turtle picornavirus])
    
    Species: Pemapivirus B (1 type: pemapivirus (PemV)-B1 [Chinese broad-headed pond turtle picornavirus])
  • 29. Poecivirus, 1 species
    Species: Poecivirus A, 1 type: poecivirus (PoeV)-A1
  • 30. Pygoscepivirus, 1 species
    Species: Pygoscepivirus A, 1 type: pygoscepivirus (PyV)-A1 [pinguvirus]
  • 31. Rafivirus, 3 species
    Species: Rafivirus A, 1 type: rafivirus (RafV)-A1
    
    Species: Rafivirus B, 1 type: RafV-B1
    
    Species: Rafivirus C, 1 type: RafV-C1 [rhimavirus]
  • 32. Rajidapivirus, 1 species
    Species: Rajidapivirus A, 1 type: rajidapivirus (RajV)-A1 [Wenling sharspine skate picornavirus]
  • 33. Rosavirus, 3 species
    Species: Rosavirus A, 2 types: rosavirus (RoV)-A1, -A2
    
    Species: Rosavirus B, 2 types: RoV-B1, -B2
    
    Species: Rosavirus C, 4 types: RoV-C1, to -C4
  • 34. Sakobuvirus, 1 species
    Species: Sakobuvirus A, 1 type: sakobuvirus (SakV)-A1 [feline sakobuvirus]
  • 35. Salivirus, 1 species
    Species: Salivirus A, 2 types: salivirus (SaV)-A1 [human klassevirus], SaV-A2
  • 36. Sicinivirus, 1 species
    Species: Sicinivirus A, 5 types: sicinivirus (SiV)-A1 to -A5
  • 37. Symapivirus, 1 species
    Species: Symapivirus A, 1 type: symapivirus (SymV)-A1 [Wenling triplecross lizardfish picornavirus]
  • 38. Tropivirus, 2 species
    Species: Tropivirus A, 1 type: tropivirus (TroV)-A1 [Guangdong Chinese water skink picornavirus]
    Species: Tropivirus B, 1 type: tropivirus (TroV)-B1 [Yili teratoscincus roborowskii picornavirus 1]

• Subfamily Ensavirinae (Supergroup 3)

Genera:

• 39. Anativirus, 2 species
  Species: Anativirus A (former species Avian sapelovirus), 1 type: anativirus (AnaV)-A1
  Species: Anativirus B, 2 types: AnaV-B1 [phacovirus], -B2
• 40. Boosepivirus, 3 species
  Species: Boosepivirus A, 1 type: boosepivirus (BooV)-A1
  Species: Boosepivirus B, 2 types: BooV-B1, -B2
  Species: Boosepivirus C, 1 type: BooV-C1
• 41. Diresapivirus, 2 species
  Species: Diresapivirus A, 1 type: diresapivirus (DirV)-A1
  Species: Diresapivirus B, 1 type: DirV-B1
• 42. Enterovirus, 15 species
  Species: Enterovirus A, 25 types
  
  Species: Enterovirus B, 63 types
  
  Species: Enterovirus C, 23 types
  
  Species: Enterovirus D, 5 types
  
  Species: Enterovirus E, 5 types
  
  Species: Enterovirus F, 7 types
  
  Species: Enterovirus G, 20 types
  
  Species: Enterovirus H, 1 type
  
  Species: Enterovirus I, 2 types
  
  Species: Enterovirus J, 6 types
  
  Species: Enterovirus K, 2 types
  
  Species: Enterovirus L, 1 type
  
  Species: Rhinovirus A, 80 types
  
  Species: Rhinovirus B, 32 types
  
  Species: Rhinovirus C, 57 types
• 43. Felipivirus, 1 species
  Species: Felipivirus A, 2 types: felipivirus (FelV)-A1, -A2
• 44. Parabovirus, 3 species
  Species: Parabovirus A, 4 types: parabovirus (ParV)-A1 to -A4
  
  Species: Parabovirus B, 1 type: ParV-B1
  
  Species: Parabovirus C, 1 type: ParV-C1
• 45. Rabovirus, 4 species
  Species: Rabovirus A, 2 types: rabovirus (RaBoV)-A1, -A2
  
  Species: Rabovirus B, 1 type: RaBoV-B1
  
  Species: Rabovirus C, 1 type: RaBoV-C1
  
  Species: Rabovirus D, 1 type: RaBoV-D1
• 46. Sapelovirus, 2 species
  Species: Sapelovirus A, 1 type: porcine sapelovirus (PSV) [formerly porcine enterovirus 8]
  
  Species: Sapelovirus B, 3 types: simian sapelovirus (SSV)-1 to -3)

• Subfamily Paavivirinae (Supergroup 4)

  Genera:

  • 47. Aalivirus, 1 species
    Species: Aalivirus A, 1 type: aalivirus (AaV)-A1 [duck aalivirus]
  • 48. Aquamavirus, 1 species
    Species: Aquamavirus A, 2 types: aquamavirus (AV)-A1 [seal aquamavirus], -A2 [bear aquamavirus])
  • 49. Avihepatovirus, 1 species
    Species: Avihepatovirus A, 3 types: duck hepatitis A virus (DHAV)-1, DHAV-2, DHAV-3
  • 50. Avisivirus, 3 species
    Species: Avisivirus A, 1 type: avisivirus (AsV)-A1
    
    Species: Avisivirus B, 1 type: AsV-B1
    
    Species: Avisivirus C, 1 type: AsV-C1
  • 51. Crohivirus, 2 species
    Species: Crohivirus A, 1 type: crohivirus (CrV)-A1 [shrew crohivirus]
    
    Species: Crohivirus B, 1 type: CrV-B1 [bat crohivirus]
  • 52. Grusopivirus, 3 species
    Species: Grusopivirus A, 2 types: grusopivirus (GrusV)-A1, -A2
    
    Species: Grusopivirus B, 1 types: grusopivirus (GrusV)-B1
    
    Species: Grusopivirus C, 1 type: GrusV-C1
  • 53. Kunsagivirus, 3 species
    Species: Kunsagivirus A, 1 type: kunsagivirus (KuV)-A1
    
    Species: Kunsagivirus B, 1 type: bat kunsagivirus
    
    Species: Kunsagivirus C, 1 type: bakunsavirus
  • 54. Limnipivirus, 4 species
    Species: Limnipivirus A, 1 type: limnipivirus (LiV)-A1 [bluegill picornavirus]
    Species: Limnipivirus B, 1 type: LiV-B1 [carp picornavirus]
    Species: Limnipivirus C, 1 type: LiV-C1 [fathead minnow picornavirus]
    Species: Limnipivirus D, 1 type: LiV-D1 [spotted longbarbel catfish picornavirus]
  • 55. Orivirus, 1 species
    Species: Orivirus A, 2 types: orivirus (OrV)-A1, -A2
  • 56. Parechovirus, 6 species
    Species: Parechovirus A, 19 types: human parechovirus [HPeV]-1] to -19
    
    Species: Parechovirus B, 6 types: Ljungan virus [LV]-1 to -6
    
    Species: Parechovirus C, 1 type: Sebokele virus [SEBV])
    
    Species: Parechovirus D, 1 type: ferret parechovirus [FePeV]
    Species: Parechovirus E, 1 type: falcon parechovirus [FaPeV]
    Species: Parechovirus F, 1 type: gecko parechovirus [GPeV]
  • 57. Pasivirus, 1 species
    Species: Pasivirus A, 4 types: pasivirus (PaV)-A1 to -A4
  • 58. Potamipivirus, 2 species
    Species: Potamipivirus A, 1 type: potamipivirus (PoV)-A1 [eel picornavirus]
    
    Species: Potamipivirus B, 1 type: PoV-B1 [threespine stipleback picornavirus]
  • 59. Shanbavirus, 1 species
    Species: Shanbavirus A, 1 type: shanbavirus (ShV)-A1 [bat shanbavirus])

• Subfamily Heptrevirinae (Supergroup 5)

  Genera:

  • 60. Caecilivirus, 1 species
    Species: Caecilivirus A (1 type: caecilivirus (CaeV)-A1) [Guangdong fish caecilians picornavirus]
  • 61. Crahelivirus, 1 species
    Species: Crahelivirus A (1 type: crahelivirus (CraV)-A1)
  • 62. Fipivirus, 6 species
    Species: Fipivirus A, 1 type: fipivirus (FiV)-A1 [Wuhan sharpbelly picornavirus 2]
    
    Species: Fipivirus B, 1 type: FiV-B1 [Wuhan sharpbelly picornavirus 3]
    
    Species: Fipivirus C, 1 type: FiV-C1 [Wenling crossorhombus picornavirus]
    
    Species: Fipivirus D, 1 type: FiV-D1 [Wenling Jack mackerels picornavirus]
    
    Species: Fipivirus E, 1 type: FiV-E1 [Wenling banjofish picornavirus 1]
    
    Species: Fipivirus F, 1 type: FiV-F1 [Wenling chelidoperca picornavirus]
    
  • 63. Gruhelivirus, 1 species
    Species: Gruhelivirus A, 1 type: gruhelivirus (GruhV)-A1
  • 64. Hepatovirus, 9 species
    Species: Hepatovirus A, 1 type: Hepatitis A virus (HAV), 2 biotypes: human hepatitis A virus, simian hepatitis A virus
    
    Species: Hepatovirus B, 1 type: hepatovirus (Hep)-B1
    
    Species: Hepatovirus C, 1 type: Hep-C1
    
    Species: Hepatovirus D, 2 types: Hep-D1, -D2
    
    Species: Hepatovirus E, 1 type: Hep-E1
    
    Species: Hepatovirus F, 2 types: Hep-D1, -D2
    
    Species: Hepatovirus G, 2 types: HepV-G1, -G2
    
    Species: Hepatovirus H, 3 types: HepV-H1 to -H3
    
    Species: Hepatovirus I, 1 type: HepV-I1
  • 65. Rohelivirus, 1 species
    Species: Rohelivirus A, 2 types: rohelivirus (RhelV)-A1, -A2
  • 66. Tremovirus, 2 species
    Species: Tremovirus A, 1 type: avian encephalomyelitis virus (AEV)-1
  Species: Tremovirus B, 2 types: tremovirus (TreV)-B1, -B2

• Genera which are not assigned to a subfamily

  • 67. Harkavirus, 1 species
    Species: Harkavirus A, 1 type: harkavirus (HarV)-A1 [falcovirus]
  
  
  • 68. Ampivirus, 1 species
    Species: Ampivirus A, 1 type: ampivirus (AmV)-A1 [newt ampivirus]

Unassigned picornaviruses:

• Candidate of Caphthovirinae:
  Hainan black-spectacled toad picornavirus [HKCCC24180]: MG600086
  Guangxi Chinese leopard gecko picornavirus [LPXYC178088]: MG600088


• Candidate of Kodimesavirinae :
  Acocet megriviruses isolates MW11, MW12: MH453805, MH453806 (tentative Megrivirus E2)
  Wenling sharpspine skate picornavirus [DHBYCGS18742]: MG600093


• Candidate of Ensavirinae:
  Beihai wrasse picornavirus [LXMC183013]: MG600073
  Tasmanian devil-associated sapelovirus wukalina/Tasmania/Sarcophilus harrisi/2017/DN125220 MK521918
  Avocet picornavirus B isolates MW14, MW15, MW16: MH453809, MH453810, MH453808


• Candidate of Paavivirinae:
  Beihai conger picornavirus [BHFishC188617]: MG600065
  Wuhan carp picornavirus [DSYC18088]: MG600066
  Wuhan sharpbelly picornavirus 1 [DSYC20078]: MG600067
  Wenling rattails picornavirus [XYHYC192101]: MG600077
  Wenling fish picornavirus [XYHYC180303]: MG600078
  Wenling lepidotrigla picornavirus [YXMC111438]: MG600079
  Wenling thamnaconus septentrionalis picornavirus [LQMMT1208]: MG600080
  Wenling scaldfish picornavirus 1 [XDXMC49056]: MG600096
  Wenling scaldfish picornavirus 2 [XDXMC61459]: MG600097
  Yancheng osbecks grenadier anchovy picornavirus [XFXMC15460]: MG600099
  Wenling brownlined puffer picornavirus [XTXMC52149]: MG600100
  Wenling hoplichthys picornavirus [XYXMC41402]: MG600101
  Western African lungfish picornavirus [120546]: MG600102


• Candidate of Heptrevirinae:
  Avocet picornavirus isolate MW13 MH453807
  Didelphis aurita hepatitis A virus: MG181943 (tentative Hepatovirus F3)


• Bat picornavirus (Rhinolophus ferrumequinum picornavirus, RfPV-2) strain BtRf-PicoV-2/YN2012: KJ641684


• Fur seal picornavirus: KR106200-KR106204, KR162213, KR816215, KR337994, (Kluge et al. 2016. Metagenomic survey of viral diversity obtained from feces of subantarctic and South American fur seals. PLoS ONE 11 (3), E0151921)


• Guangdong red-banded snake picornavirus [LPSG10844]: MG600082


• Fujian spotted paddle-tail newt picornavirus [BHNC6391]: MG600085


• Bat picornavirus BtRf-PicoV-2/YN2012: KJ641684


• Guangxi changeable lizard picornavirus 1 [GXSXC128972]: MG600104


• Guangxi Chinese leopard gecko picornavirus [LPXYC178088]: MG600088


• Mobovirus A [MBOVA]: MF370941

Compiled by Roland Zell
Copyright © 2004 - 2021 Roland Zell. All rights reserved.